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Key Facts

• Microscopic tick-like organisms; barely visible as white dots
• Classic sign: dry black ear discharge resembling coffee grounds
• Life cycle takes 3 weeks: egg to larva to protonymph to deutonymph to adult
• Highly contagious through physical contact; all household pets must be treated simultaneously
• Adult mites live approximately 2 months feeding on ear wax and skin oils
• Modern single-dose treatments (selamectin, moxidectin, fluralaner) have replaced weeks-long regimens
• Certain dog breeds (collies) are sensitive to some treatment ingredients
• Humans are extremely unlikely to experience symptoms from pet ear mites
• Confirm diagnosis with microscopy before treating; many ear infections are not mite-related
• Species: cats primarily, also dogs