ภาวะอัณฑะค้าง (อัณฑะไม่ลงถุง)

Key Facts

• Testicles should be palpable by 8 weeks in puppies, 8-16 weeks in kittens
• Unilateral (one side, usually right) is more common than bilateral
• Bilaterally cryptorchid animals are usually sterile but still exhibit male behaviors
• Predisposed breeds: Yorkshire Terrier, Pomeranian, Poodle, Siberian Husky, German Shepherd
• Retained testicles are prone to testicular torsion and testicular cancer
• Both testicles must be removed surgically (even if one is normal) to prevent passing on the gene
• Surgery is more complex than routine neutering due to difficulty locating retained testicle
• Abdominal testicles are typically not palpable; testosterone assay distinguishes from castrated males
• In cats, most common in Persians; penile barbs indicate cryptorchidism vs castration
• Species: dogs and cats